Patronizing and Condescending Language Detection in English and Mandarin (arXiv:2610.31808v1)
A new arXiv preprint (arXiv:2610.31808v1) proposes automated detection of patronizing and condescending language (PCL) in English and Mandarin. The paper compares a CNN with static word embeddings against a fine-tuned BERT model, reporting the BERT approach achieved an F1 score of 0.528 on the development set.